Who is the Defendant in the Trial of Twelve Angry Men - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1263 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: 12 Angry Men Essay Film Analysis Essay Did you like this example? In a murder trial in which a young man is accused of the death of his father in rather strange circumstances, it is here that 12 members of a jury take the responsibility of deciding whether or not the young man is guilty of said murder and based on reasons, they must decide their guilt. The evidence and the witnesses in principle was only one of them doubt about the certainty of guilt, the other juries think that the young man is guilty and one of the jurors that is an older person says that the young man should be taken to the electric chair. We know that it is not easy to decide for the death of someone, many of the members are under pressure to have strong reasons to accept or raise new reasons to consider forceful the sentence that should be given to the young person, in addition to this pressure they are gathered in an environment It increases the tensions and this affects psychologically several of them, and according to my analysis, a constant in several of them is th at they get carried away by feelings or past experiences to provide a position, which is not acceptable. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Who is the Defendant in the Trial of Twelve Angry Men?" essay for you Create order The first jury that is in favor of innocence considers that a better communication between them is necessary, and seeing how the life of the young accused was, he tells others that he can not judge the young person for his life when he was little or where he was born. According to the witnesses who mentioned that they saw the young man murder his father, which at first glance is surprising for many of them, the first reason why the young man should not be considered guilty is to see the young persons supposed motivation to do so. Killing his own father, what could, perhaps, perhaps he wanted to do it because he was angry, the young man who grew up in a family full of problems and abuse and that his father had beaten him since he was five years old. But one of the juries that argues that, despite having grown up in an environment similar to that of the accused, tries to make others come into reason. Bearing in mind that despite the fact that the jury was present during the trial process and that it gives us to understand that it was for a long time, what convinced many of the guilty parties, put in doubt the lawyers, the evidence and the witnesses, which is a key piece to solve the problem and the first test analyzes the use of the weapon with whi ch the father died, that by its appearance is a special knife and where the young man also affirms that he went to the cinema while the murder occurred and / or not to lie, which is not enough reason to blame, and that being a special knife is not easy to achieve, but this last reason is eliminated when the jury that, according to him, also lived in the same conditions as the young man. These are the reasons that motivate a second vote and where surprisingly increases the number of juries who are in favor of the innocence of young people. One of the jurors makes the other jurors understand that not only can they say they will only believe the witnesses because they also have to see everything that was around the crime scene. He does not consider that the murder was committed for any reason. This is where the first witness who saw the murder through a train in motion rises, which in North America is usually at the level of the houses and passing at all hours. it is here that the witness said that she saw the father murdered at the hands of the young man, and this curiously through the train that passed through the window at high speed, which some consider sufficient proof to blame him; but it is the indirect way in which the witness saw death, which calls into question the certainty of his words; In addition to this, the other witness who saw the murdered youth, but also questioned, and who does is the jury (the older man), in my opinion, is the jury that has more clarity of thought; What changes the opinion of more members of the jury in a next vote where there are already eight members of the jury who are in favor of innocence, where the last member who changes his position raises a reasonable doubt. In addition, the man had a problem in the leg which prevented him from moving with fluidity; he convinced himself of the clarity of his words and, although he may not be so, the witness believes that he has truth; This is understood by the member of the jury who questions these witness statements; and to give more strength to this hypothesis, some members of the jury make a simulation of what could have happened at the crime scene if the pope had wanted to go out the door and all the work he was going to have to do to get out. They take statements from the witness who says he took 15 seconds to get from where he was to the window from where he saw the murder, and valid from a plan of the house; they showed that it was impossible for the witness with that problem in the leg to have reached the window in 15 seconds, but rather 45 seconds, which gives a second reason for not considering the statement of the old man true; which gave one more reason to believe that the old man created in his mind that he saw a murder; it is here that the juror who defends the guilt of the young person is carried away by those feelings and not for compelling reasons that are necessary to make a decision in a just decision. It is here that all these reasons put 6 and 6 votes in favor and against. Each of the characters with their different personalities and social influences give their opinion or tend to judge their experiences in life and we can see that some of the juries begin the trial passively and while they are discussing the issue they are bothering and They start to argue with each other. In terms of attitudes, personalities and how to show how people act without use of reason most of the time, how they are influenced by society, ideals, and how the use of absolutes is always preferable to the doubt. As it says in the book on the ethics of care What I feel is right is right, what I feel is wrong is wrong (Rousseau, as cited by Ruggiero, 2001: 28). In this movie we can see how each jury gives their opinion about the murder case. Some of the juries are upset with the young man because they have had similar experiences to him but we can also see how some of the jurors understand everything that this young man has lived for 19 years. One of the juries that always said that he could not notice that the decision he was taking was not adequate so he felt the tension and harassment of the other juries. Neither were the reasons, but rather prejudices, and that it was a family problem that he had in the past, the reason for which he accused the young man without foundation, for which he realized his mistake and was the reason why he did not continue holding the accusation.

The Delany Sisters Essay - 841 Words

Having Our Say: The Delany Sisters First 100 Years Having Our Say is the amazing story about the almost invincible Delany sisters. In this novel, Sarah L. Delaney and A. Elizabeth Delany tell the tale of their century long lives in America. The reader learns about their whole lives starting from their childhood, which was on the campus of St. Augustines College in Raleigh, North Carolina, all the way to their final years in which they lived in New York. During their lives, the Delany sisters lived during the Harlem Renaissance, had to go through the Jim Crow laws, and lived to be apart of the civil rights movement. These sisters were lucky enough to learn how to read and write when they were children and later able to attend†¦show more content†¦All of the Delany children lived successful lives and it was very challenging to remember all of the accomplishments that each of them achieved. After reading this book, I gained a great amount of new information, which I did n ot know about before. I acquired new facts about the Jim Crow laws and I also learned about many important African-American leaders of the civil rights movement. Some of these people included W.E.B. DuBois, Booker T. Washington, and Rosa Parks. The Delany family was put through many incidents caused by the Jim Crow laws. Some of these incidents included them sitting in the Jim Crow cars instead of the Pullman cars. Also, when they lived in North Carolina there was a shoe store that they always went to called Hellers, which was owned by a Jewish man. Because of the Jim Crow laws, a colored person would have to go to the back of the store if they wanted to try on shoes. This book was almost as helpful as reading a history book because people who actually lived during these times wrote most of it. Both Sadie and Bessie Delany were the two characters that left a lasting impact on my life. After reading all about they have been through in their century long lives, a huge impression was left on my life. The Delany sisters have inspired many of their readers to live life to the fullest. They lived through many hardships in their lives and wereShow MoreRelated Having Our Say by Sadie and Bessie Delany Essay1084 Words   |  5 PagesHaving Our Say by Sadie and Bessie Delany The social, cultural and political history of America as it affects the life course of American citizens became very real to us as the Delany sisters, Sadie and Bessie, recounted their life course spanning a century of living in their book Having Our Say. The Delany sisters’ lives covered the period of their childhood in Raleigh, North Carolina, after the Surrender to their adult lives in Harlem, New York City during the roaring twenties, to a quietRead MoreHaving Our Say Essay9582 Words   |  39 PagesBookRags Literature Study Guide Having Our Say (novel) by Sarah Louise Delany For the online version of BookRags Having Our Say (novel) Literature Study Guide, including complete copyright information, please visit: http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-having-our-say/ Copyright Information  ©2000-2011 BookRags, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and CriticismRead MoreFull Bio Psycho Social Assessment Of Bessie Delany2241 Words   |  9 Pagesof Bessie Delany In this assignment, Professor Alton Clark Dubois’ Social Work 319 class was required to read the book; having Our Say by the Delany sisters’ first hundred years (Delany, Delany, Hearth, 1993). Author Amy H. Hearth co-wrote this inspiring book alongside sisters Bessie and Addie Delany. â€Å"This book is woven from thousands of anecdotes that I coaxed from the Delany sisters’ during an 18-month period (September 1991 to April 1993)† wrote Hearth (Delany, Delany, Hearth,Read MoreRacism in Having Our Say862 Words   |  4 PagesHaving Our Say â€Å"The truth is you’re born a certain way and there’s some things you can change and some things you can’t† One of the many smart truthful things that Elizabeth Delany (Bessie) said. 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As my sisters and I walked down what it seemed like long and never ending stairs, my mom was sitting on the plain couch by the kitchen. We all had interesting looks on our faces filled with curiosity, when we finally reached our mom sheRead MoreSlavery Is the Most Dehumanizing and Aspect of Human Life Essay775 Words   |  4 Pagescritiques of the institution. We are able to gain knowledge of these very critiques by the first-hand accounts of Mary Prince in the narrative The History of Mary Prince and From the Darkness Cometh the Light by Lucy Delaney. In the narratives, Prince and Delany communicate to the reader a plethora of critiques to slavery. 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(Litwack, The aftermatRead MoreEssay about Woolfs Vision in A Room of Ones Own2764 Words   |  12 Pagesessay (Schwartz 722).   Woolf powerfully recounts the tragic life of Shakespeares extraordinarily gifted sister (47) as she struggles to duplicate her brothers successful artistic career.  Ã‚   As Judiths tragedy progresses from rebellion and ridicule to despair and suicide, the reader is led to mourn and protest the loss of this woman .   .  Ã‚   .   whose passion finally turned against itself (Delany 182).  Ã‚  Ã‚   Judith symbolizes countless brilliant, talented women who have been unable to express their genius

Strategy and Case Analysis of us Airilines

Question: Discuss about the Strategy and Case Analysis of us Airilines. Answer: Introduction In this study, we will discuss about the US Airlines Industry and the problems faced by the US airlines regarding the changes take place in the airlines industry. We can observe that the US Airlines Industry had to face many problems to make the profit. There are other airlines also who has faced the same thing like Southwest airlines, jet blue, AirTran airways, virgin America. This was happened due to the cheap airways available in the domestic market. The other factors that have acted as a barrier in making profits are new entrants, who brought new techniques and policies to enter into the market. The cost of the labor in airlines industry is also very high as they demand highly paid. The major drawback for the US airline industry is the competition in the prices of the tickets. The rise of the internet websites and travel sites like Travelocity, Expedia, Orbits, etc. help the customer to compare the price of all the flights. This results in the upliftment of flights that provide c heap tickets. US airlines also faced the problems regarding the higher oil prices that create more complications. In 2013, the cost of the fuel has accounted for 32 % of all the revenues earned by the company. The labor cost has accounted for 26 % in the same year which is the second major cost of the production for the US airlines. These are the two reasons due to which many of the airline industries were announced bankrupt. This airline includes US airways, delta, northwest and united. Only the larger airlines were remained survived. In 2013, the US airways had pushed for the merger with the American airline that takes place under a negotiation. The US Airlines Industry: An overview US airway is one of the major and most popular airways of the United States of America. This airline is ceasing to operate in an independent manner starting from the year 1937, when the Federal Aviation Administration granted them permission and a certificate of (SOC) Single Operating Certificate and an American airline on the 8th of April, 2015. It was merged successfully with the America airlines in the year 2015 with all of the operations related to the bookings, reservations systems, etc. There are many systems that are not merged yet. US Airlines has many types of national and international networks with more than 193 destinations of the world. It is dealing with more than 24 countries in the present time that includes Europe, North America, South America, the Middle East, etc. This airline company is a member of star alliance and also a member of Oneworld in the year 2014. In 2013, the cost of the fuel has accounted for 32 % of all the revenues earned by the company. The labor cost has accounted for 26 % in the same year which is the second major cost of the production for the US airlines. US airlines has a fleet of more than 343 Jetcraft of main line, 278 jet that operates regional, turbo prop aircrafts, etc. these aircrafts are operated through the contracts and subsidiary airways under the name of US airlines Express via the code sharing. Porters five forces analysis of US Airlines Industry in the United States It is a type of methodology that helps the organization to analyze the internal and external environment of the industry in which the business organization operates. The key aspect of the porters five forces model helps the US airline industry in understanding all the external affairs that impact the performance of the company. for example declining the traffic of the passenger, increase in the operating expenses , the high prices of fuel, the greater landing and maintenance cost of the airlines, etc. the other threats are the cut throat competition in the airline industry that has affect the airline industry up to a large extent (Javalgi, and Steven White, 2002). Supplier power If we talk about the airlines industry then the power of supplier is very strong as there are three major elements that are required in this industry that are fuel, labor and aircraft. These all element are affected by the external environment of the industry and market. The price of oil is fluctuated o the basis of price of aviation oil price. It takes place due to the geopolitical and other factors of any country in which the airlines industry lies. The labor are also refers the power of union as they reflect their bargaining power through unity. It helps the labor to get the costly and unreasonable concessions from the US airlines (Weatherford, and Plt, 2002). Thirdly, the US and other airlines need two biggies and airbus and Boeing to manage the airlines. These are the reasons due to which the power of the suppliers the airlines industry is very strong. Buyer power As the technology is changing, the fliers and passengers do not have to rely on the mediators, agents, intermediaries, and distribution systems. They book the tickets for themselves using online bookings. From the past years, there are entry of lots of low cost carriers that results in cheap airlines and it benefitted the fliers up to a large extent. There is a need to understand the power of the buyers. There are lots of rules and regulation made by the authority for the benefits of the customers and buyers. These all element provides power to the customers and buyers. According to the porters five force model, the power of the buyers is moderate to high. The buyers also have lots of options and channels available for them in the market (Goetz, 2002). Entry and exit barriers The entry in the airline industry is not easy as the firms required a huge amount of capital for the investments in the airline industry. Even the exit of the airlines industries are very difficult as they have to write down and absorb many types of losses. From the above mentioned points we can judge that the entry and exit of the firms is not a barrier for the US airlines. There is a requirement of high infusion of investments and capital which is not as easy task to the industrialist. The exit procedure for the airlines industries is also very complex and involve in many types of rules and regulations (Tang, Zimmerman, and Nelson, 2009). Threat of substitutes and complementary The US airlines industry do not have any threats from the substitutes and complementary as the people of US do not choose to travel from train or buses for the journeys. It is noticed that flying is a type of natural phenomenon for all the passengers of US. Hence the substitutes available in the market do not create any threat for the US airlines. The benefits provided by the airlines are meals, Wi-Fi, amenities, and many other services (Morgan, Pritchard, and Pride, 2011). Competitive rivalry As mentioned in the above point, there is a huge competition in the firms and industries of airlines. There are many local airlines that provide cheap tickets that create competition in the airlines market. The low cost carriers give direct competition to the US airlines. Economic performance The airlines industry should focus on the needs and wants of the customers. There must be some brand differentiation and the sales should be related to the customer centric sale so that the customers will remain satisfied and do not switch to other companies due to the dissatisfaction. Providing best quality services to the customers is key source to increase the profitability of the US airlines. As we know that there are many complexities due to which the airlines are unable to earn profits. So, there is a need of unique solutions that can help the industry in earning a reasonable amount of profits. It can be done through analyzing the new findings related to the potential of revenue and sales earning. It can also be achieved through loyalty in the growth and development of airlines industry. The company should analyze the problems that lead in the low revenues and no profits (Morrish, and Hamilton, 2002). The airlines industries are facing a major challenge with regarding to its data to the customer, retailing and personalization. The major airlines have benefits of market share and potential in the profits. we can observes that despite of earning profit and revenue, the airlines industries are facing a struggling period in turning the demand into the profit and revenue. The US airline is facing a huge amount of competition due to the small and domestic airlines in the markets of Unites states of America. To increase the market share in the US markets in the airlines industry is not a very difficult task as it requires certain changes that should be effectively implemented in the business organization. As we can see that the number of passengers is increasing day by day that result in the top-line growth in the profits and revenues for the airlines industry. The customers want to have flights on cheap rates due to the frequent traveling using airways. If the companies provide premium services to the customers in the airlines, than no passenger will deny traveling with the US airways due to the unique features and services. To reach to such level, US airways have to deliver a high quality service and collective value to their customers (Oum, et.al. 2004). Strategies for airlines profitability To make a unique position in the markets of airlines industry, it is very relevant to provide different experience to the customers. It can be done through personalized services and delivering values to each and every individual related to the US airways (Birdsong, 2015). the other techniques that can help the US airlines is to blast the customers with the offers and discounts, packages, etc using technology and social media like messages, watsapp, Facebook, emails, etc. many types of offers are there like offers of upscale and offers of down sale that must be delivered to the customers. In airline industry, ales and services are two things that are interred related to each other (Mahutga, et.al. 2010). Using technology that is updated in nature is another option to increase the sales and revenue of US airways. It can be personalization of services, consistency, services experiences, and Omni-stage sales. These days the trend is to deliver personalized consumer-centric retailing which is very effective in nature. The rise of the internet websites and travel sites like Travelocity, Expedia, Orbits, etc. help the customer to compare the price of all the flights. This results in the upliftment of flights that provide cheap tickets. So there is a need to manage the prices of the flights to increase the sale and revenues of US airlines (Francis, et.al. 2006). Using customer focused techniques whose aim is to fulfill the demand of the customers only is also a way to increase the revenue and profits. The highly earning and profitable airlines industries are using these techniques as they are very effective in nature. Many CEOs of big companies believes that the companies should adopt futuristic strategies and customer based services to attract more customers. There must be concrete plans that are related to the satisfaction of the customers (Oum, Yu, and Zhang, 2001). The above written techniques will help US airways to transform the fewer amounts of revenues into a good amount of revenues. They will impact the entire organization, its talent, organizational structure; process of the business, use of technology, etc. if all the points are effectively executed in the organization, then it will influence the entire operations and result in positive revenues and profit margin (Czipura, and Jolly, 2007). US airlines will be able to gain the loyalty of the customers, potential customers for the future, better operations in the internal and external business organization, and better performance of the functions, lower the cost of production and finally the revenues and profits can be increased. These are the unique solutions that can help the industry in earning a reasonable amount of profits. It can be done through analyzing the new findings related to the potential of revenue and sales earning. It can also be achieved through loyalty in the growth and development of airlines industry. The company should analyze the problems that lead in the low revenues and no profits (Chermack, and Kasshanna, 2007). Some facts that will let us know more about US airlines In recent times, the US airlines had faced drastic changes due to the dire warnings from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and for many others European countries and many other global economies. US carriers are still surviving in such challenging situations. The biggest reason is that the US airlines do not affect themselves due to the adverse affects of the economy as they claim good earnings after the year 2012. In the last quarter of December, 2012, the fuel prices were increased that has created a burden on the all airlines industries of the world. Despite of all the above, the US airlines have a good amount of passengers and demand for the tickets. It helps the US airlines to survive in the critical situations (Buhalis, 2004). They said that they do not have any kind of slowdown in the travelling not even in the transatlantic markets. If we compare the other airlines industries of the world, the US airlines is the one that is protected by the international challenge and exposures. The reason is they earn their 60 % of the earnings from the domestic market of US. In contrast to this, the Singapore airlines is earning its 00 % of the revenue from the international destinations (Amernic, and Craig, 2004). We can observe that the US airline is financially strong these days due to the drastic transformation takes place in the past years and in mid -2000s. The year 2012 has brought good times for the US airlines that can be reflected easily (Amankwah?Amoah, and Debrah, 2011). Conclusion At last we can conclude that all the organization must adopt some good policies and strategies to have a smooth working in the business organization. We have also studied about the economic performance of the company in the UK markets. As we know that there is a vast competition in the airlines industry due to the presence of many companies in the airlines industry. This is the reason due to which US airlines is facing problems in earning profits. The present report helped us to understand the strategies and policies that must be adopt by the US airlines to earn profits. The students learnt about the US airlines in details as this report comprises of all the relevant data regarding the same company to give an overview. The above written techniques will help US airways to transform the fewer amounts of revenues into a good amount of revenues. They will impact the entire organization, its talent, organizational structure; process of the business, use of technology, etc. It is very rele vant to provide different experience to the customers. It can be done through personalized services and delivering values to each and every individual related to the US airways. Hence it becomes very relevant to study the national, international, economic, non economic environment of the market in which the US airlines is dealing. It helps the business organization to design and customize its functions and operations according to the needs and wants of the customers a well the current trends of the market place. US airlines had faced any problems due to which they have made drastic changes to keep running the business. In this way, they are surviving in this challenging and competitive world. References Amankwah?Amoah, J. and Debrah, Y.A., 2011. The evolution of alliances in the global airline industry: A review of the African experience. Thunderbird International Business Review, 53(1), pp.37-50. Amernic, J.H. and Craig, R.J., 2004. 9/11 in the service of corporate rhetoric: Southwest Airlines 2001 letter to shareholders. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 28(4), pp.325-341. Birdsong, D., 2015. The future of airline profitability, [Online], Accessed on: 6 December 2016, Available at: https://www.sabre.com/insights/the-future-of-airline-profitability/ Buhalis, D., 2004. eAirlines: strategic and tactical use of ICTs in the airline industry. Information Management, 41(7), pp.805-825. Chermack, T.J. and Kasshanna, B.K., 2007. The use and misuse of SWOT analysis and implications for HRD professionals. Human Resource Development International, 10(4), pp.383-399. Czipura, C. and Jolly, D.R., 2007. Global airline alliances: sparking profitability for a troubled industry. Journal of business Strategy, 28(2), pp.57-64. Debbage, K.G. and Ioannides, D. eds., 2003. The Economic Geography of the Tourist Industry: A Supply-Side Analysis. Routledge. Francis, G., Humphreys, I., Ison, S. and Aicken, M., 2006. Where next for low cost airlines? A spatial and temporal comparative study. Journal of Transport Geography, 14(2), pp.83-94. Goetz, A.R., 2002. Deregulation, competition, and antitrust implications in the US airline industry. Journal of Transport Geography, 10(1), pp.1-19. Javalgi, R.G. and Steven White, D., 2002. Strategic challenges for the marketing of services internationally. International Marketing Review, 19(6), pp.563-581. Knowles, M.R. and Boucher, R.C., 2002. Mucus clearance as a primary innate defense mechanism for mammalian airways. The Journal of clinical investigation, 109(5), pp.571-577. Mahutga, M.C., Ma, X., Smith, D.A. and Timberlake, M., 2010. Economic globalisation and the structure of the world city system: the case of airline passenger data. Urban Studies, 47(9), pp.1925-1947. Marusic, A., Katavic, V. and Marusic, M., 2007. Role of editors and journals in detecting and preventing scientific misconduct: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Med. L., 26, p.545. Matrosovich, M.N., Matrosovich, T.Y., Gray, T., Roberts, N.A. and Klenk, H.D., 2004. Neuraminidase is important for the initiation of influenza virus infection in human airway epithelium. Journal of virology, 78(22), pp.12665-12667. Metters, R. and Marucheck, A., 2007. Service managementacademic issues and scholarly reflections from operations management researchers. Decision Sciences, 38(2), pp.195-214. Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., 2011. Destination brands: Managing place reputation. Routledge. Morrish, S.C. and Hamilton, R.T., 2002. Airline allianceswho benefits?. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(6), pp.401-407. Oum, T.H., Yu, C. and Zhang, A., 2001. Global airline alliances: international regulatory issues. Journal of Air Transport Management, 7(1), pp.57-62. Oum, T.H., Park, J.H., Kim, K. and Yu, C., 2004. The effect of horizontal alliances on firm productivity and profitability: evidence from the global airline industry. Journal of Business Research, 57(8), pp.844-853. Tang, C.S., Zimmerman, J.D. and Nelson, J.I., 2009, January. Managing new product development and supply chain risks: The Boeing 787 case. In Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal (Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 74-86). Taylor Francis. Weatherford, L.R. and Plt, S., 2002. Better unconstraining of airline demand data in revenue management systems for improved forecast accuracy and greater revenues. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 1(3), pp.234-254.

Save the Orangutans from Extinction an Example by

Save the Orangutans from Extinction At present, there are many animal species that are in danger. The orangutans are one of them, and in the few years they may be extinct. There are many factors that are threatening their species: loss of habitat due to population growth and illegal logging, natural disasters as well as illegal animal trade and poaching. The authorities must act immediately, as the problem continues to worsen as time goes by. This research paper aims to discuss the short life history of the orangutans, the problems that endanger them, and the solutions that are currently being made to prevent their extinction. Need essay sample on "Save the Orangutans from Extinction" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Usually Tell EssayLab writers: Who wants to write paper for me? Essay writers advise: If You Think About Someone To Write Your Paper - Essaylab The Right Place! Best Essay Writing Company Write My Paper College Essay Writing Service Get Paid To Write Papers For Students The orangutans are known by the scientific name of Pongo pygmaeus (Orangutan). Originally, the orangutan species live throughout the Southeast Asian forests, and are native to Borneo and Sumatra islands (Orangutans; Orangutan). Their habitat is the rainforest, and they share this habitat with other animals, such as tigers and rhinos (Orangutans). Orangutans live in groups, that which consist of only two to four animals; nonetheless, adult males are usually solitary (Orangutan). Orangutans are arboreal animals; in fact, they are the world's largest exclusively tree-dwelling mammal (Orangutan; Xu). They seldom leave the trees, and their nourishment includes fruit, leaves, bark and birds' eggs (Orangutan). They spend the night on nests or platforms that they built themselves (Orangutan). The orangutans reach their full maturity at 10 to 12 years of age, while their sexual maturity is attained at eight years of age (Orangutan). The female orangutan has a 29-day menstrual cycle, and just like humans, the gestation period lasts for nine months (Orangutan). In addition, it is the only species with the longest birth interval: female orangutans only give birth after eight years (Xu). Unfortunately, the only threat to the species is mankind (Orangutan). The orangutan species is so threatened that it was declared by the IUCN or the World Conservation Union as critically endangered (Mayhell). How does mankind threaten the existence of the orangutans? Humans endanger the species due to actions that lead to the orangutans' loss of habitat. In the last two decades, orangutans have lost 20% of their habitat (Orangutans). In 1996, there were 20,000 orangutans in Borneo; at present, the number is estimated between 12,000 to 15,000 (Orangutans). In Sumatra, there are only an estimated 4,000 to 6,000 orangutans left, from its original number of 10,000 in 1996 (Orangutans). The growth of the Indonesian population is one of the contributing factors behind the loss of habitat. One hundred years ago, the population of Indonesia was approximately 10 million; today, however, the population has increased to 200 million (Mayhell). Currently, the area where people live is no longer sufficient to sustain the growing population, which forces the authorities to convert rainforests to residential areas (Orangutans). This means the habitat of the orangutans would be utilized for human consumption. Moreover, the increasing population requires more food, which forces farmers to modify their agricultural techniques, one of which is the slash-and-burn technique (Mayhell). This technique makes land clearing much easier, and is used by timber and palm oil companies on many acres of land (Orangutans). This manner of land clearing forces the orangutans deeper in the forests (Mayhell). However, the conditions of the forest are not conducive for orangutans to live either. Illegal logging is still rampant, as it provides for a lucrative industry (Orangutans). Illegal logging had decreased the forests' resources, and a few trees are inadequate for the survival of the orangutans (Mayhell). Natural disasters are also to blame for the decrease in the orangutan population. Between 1997 and 1998, there were forest fires that were caused by drought (Mayhell). Many orangutans were killed, and those that survived had to look for food in human territory which made the orangutans victims of poaching (Mayhell). Because the forests can no longer provide the nourishment for their survival, orangutans search for food in human territories. The people, in turn, are bothered by the presence of these animals in their farms (Mayhell). These orangutans are then killed for food (Orangutans). Poaching, along with illegal animal trade, also decreased the populations of the orangutans. Both of these are effects of the economic problems that affected Asia in 1997 (Mayhell). Many Indonesians were unemployed, and the rainforests seemed to present an opportunity for them to earn a living (Mayhell). The young orangutans are taken from their mothers to be sold as pets (Orangutans). However, orangutans are never meant to be pets because they are wild animals. While they are an infant, they may seem as cute pets. However, once they grow up, taking care of them becomes extremely difficult (Orangutans). Moreover, once they have been sold as pets, most of them die either from sickness or poor living conditions (Orangutans). Even at death, orangutans prove to be a source of income, as orangutan skulls are sold as souvenirs for tourists (Mayhell). The possible extinction of orangutans poses a serious problem not only for Indonesia, but also for the world. So far, steps have been made to regulate this problem. To prevent the further loss of orangutan habitat, the Indonesian and Malaysian governments have sent police patrols to guard the animals' territory (Xu). In addition, there exists the U.S. Great Ape Conservation Act of 2000 (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). This act seeks to provide monetary assistance to other countries for the conservation of great apes such as the orangutans (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). Other animals that would benefit from this law include gorillas, chimpanzees and gibbons (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). The aforementioned measures would surely help in preventing the extinction of orangutans. However, these are not enough. The Indonesian government should create policies that would surely make a difference in the conservation of orangutans. Illegal logging such be closely monitored, and the agricultural sector must be advised to stop the slash-and-burn method. The citizens should also be educated, so that illegal pet trade and poaching would no longer occur. Orangutans are great animals, and if their species are not taken care of, future generations may not get to see them. Everyone should do their part in preventing the extinction of orangutans. Works Cited Mayhell, Hillary. Orangutans Edging Closer to Brink of Extinction. National Geographic. 24 October 2000. National Geographic Society. 16 February 2008 http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2000/12/122800orangutans.html>. Orangutan. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia. 1992 ed. Orangutans Face Extinction. 16 February 2008 . U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Great Apes Program. 31 January 2008. 16 February 2008 . Xu, Risheng. Professor Predicts Orangutan Extinction. The Harvard Crimson. 1 October 2003. 16 February 2008 .

Freedom Writers Movie Review

Introduction â€Å"Freedom writers† is a Christian movie that presents strong moral teachings to young people. The movie portrays a strong and civilized view of the world; it encourages development and use of positive moral values by people in making the world a better place. The main values encouraged in the movie include doing right, being kind, polite, respecting other people, seeking the truth and applying it in life. Precisely, its main theme is centered on promoting good moral values.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom Writers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Brief synopsis of the plot The movie focuses on a young teacher (Hillary Swank) who teaches in a high school made up of students from different racial backgrounds (IMDb 2012). She promotes cohesion and peaceful existence among students by teaching them about the genocide against the Jews that took place during World War II (IMDb 2012). She successfully transforms the rogue students into good people by instilling good moral values in them. In addition, she encourages them to do the right thing all the time, be kind to others and use the moral values learnt in class to improve their lives. Synopsis of the moral issue Doing right all the time is the main moral issue highlighted in the movie. Doing the right thing presupposes being polite, kind, respectful, seeking the truth and using it to transform lives. The students, who come from different racial backgrounds, form ethnic gangs that they use to perpetuate violence, racism and hatred among themselves. The students carry their street gang activities and racism sentiments into class, giving the teacher a rough time in dealing with them. However, she teaches them of the importance of doing the right thing always. Gradually, the students change and become better people with positive and strong moral values. According to the natural law theory, good moral behavior is part o f human nature which is realized by observing the nature of humanity (Finnis 53). The students were able to critically evaluate the evils of racism and violence in the society, and thus change. Learning about the Jews holocaust, they realize the dangers of racism and violence motivating them to change their morals. According to Kantianism, an act is more important than the outcome, thus everyone should be more concerned with the moral value of actions (Ward 47).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Doing right is more important than the outcome of doing right. It is expected that practicing good moral values generates positive outcomes. Therefore, it is more important to be kind, polite and respectful because by exercising these moral values, good outcomes are guaranteed. Utilitarianism teaches that the outcome of an action determines its moral value as evident from the students chan ged behavior. The social contract theory holds that individuals willingly give up a portion of their freedom in exchange for protection of their rights (Rousseau and Cole 72). The students in the movie give up a portion of their freedom that allows them to perpetuate violence, racism and other evil deeds. The best theory to operate under the given moral issue in the movie would be the natural law theory. The students would learn best by observing the actions and the consequences of humanity in the society they live. For example, by learning the consequences of racism and gang violence, the students would be highly motivated to change their behavior for their good and the good of the society. If presented with the same moral issue, most students would fight back and thus perpetuate violence and racism. According to utilitarianism, the moral value of an action is determined by its outcome. Most students would argue that by fighting back, they protect themselves and discourage other st udents from bullying them into silence and submission. Conclusion The movie ‘freedom writers’ encourages people to develop and use positive values to make the world a better place. The main values encouraged in the movie include doing right, being kind, polite, respecting other people, seeking truth and applying it in life. Precisely, its theme is centered on promoting good moral values. It can be viewed from different philosophical perspectives based on the moral issue presented in the movie. Works Cited Finnis, John. Natural Law and Natural Rights. London: Oxford University Press, 2011. Print. IMDb: Freedom Writers. n.d. Web. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0463998/plotsummary.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom Writers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rousseau, Jean and Cole, G. The Social Contract. New York: Cosimo Inc, 2008. Print. Ward, Ian. Kantianism, Postmodernism, and Critical Legal Thou ght. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Print. This essay on Freedom Writers was written and submitted by user Jaidyn Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Analytic Method of Teaching Phonics

The Analytic Method of Teaching Phonics Are you looking for ideas for teaching phonics to your elementary students? The analytic method is a simple approach that has been around for nearly one hundred years. Here is a quick resource for you to learn about the method, and how to teach it. What Is Analytic Phonics? The Analytic Phonics method teaches children the phonic relationships among words. Children are taught to analyze letter-sound relationships and look to decode words based upon spelling and letter patterns and their sounds. For example, if the child knows bat, cat and hat, then the word mat will be easy to read. What Is the Appropriate Age Range? This method is appropriate for first and second graders and struggling readers. How to Teach It First, the students must know all the letters of the alphabet and their sounds. The child will need to be able to identify the sounds in the beginning, middle and end of a word. Once the students are able to do that, the teacher then selects a text that has a lot of letter sounds.Next, the teacher presents the words to the students (usually site words are selected to start). For example, the teacher places these words on the board: light, bright, night or green, grass, grow.The teacher then asks the students how these words are alike. The student would respond, They all have ight at the end of the word. or They all have gr at the beginning of the word.Next, the teacher focuses on the sound of the words make by saying, How does the ight sound in these words? or How does the gr sound in these words?The teacher picks a text for the students to read that has the sound they are focusing on. For example, choose a text that has the word family, ight (light, might, fight, right) or choose a text that has the word family, gr (green, grass, grow, gray, great, grape). Finally, the teacher reinforces to the students that they just used a decoding strategy to help them read and understand words based upon the relationships letters have with one another. Tips for Success Use books that have predictable, repetitive sentences.Encourage children to use picture clues for any unknown words.Teach students about word families. (now, how cow) (down, frown, brown)Encourage students to look for consonant clusters at the beginning and ends of words. ( bl,fr,st, nd)When teaching analytic phonics, make sure to emphasize  the importance of each sound.

Unfair Terms in a Contract Act 1977 and Regulations Essay

Unfair Terms in a Contract Act 1977 and Regulations - Essay Example The protection has been increased by the Unfair Terms in a Consumer Contract Regulations 1999 (UTCCR). These regulations have strengthened the net of consumer protection by incorporating unfair terms. The essay will provide a brief over the look of the two pieces of legislation and go into detail of the protection that they both provide. It will then explain the need for the double requirement and finally, conclude with the proposal for the future. The introduction of UCTA introduced a significant addition to the mechanism for the governing of exemption clauses (Poole, 2008, 281). Provision for the controlling of exemption clauses was originally only through an implied term under the Supply of Goods (Implied Terms) Act 1973 (now s.55 Sale of Goods Act 1979). UCTA now incorporates more extensive controls to a wide array of contract varieties and allows the court for the first time to have a general and direct means of control over exemption clauses (Poole, 2008, 281). The main advanta ge of the act is the power to render exemption clauses either totally unenforceable or unenforceable unless shown to be reasonable. UTCCR have added to the powers of UCTA. The regulations provide that ‘unfair terms’ in a contract concluded between a ‘seller or supplier’ and a ‘consumer’ will not be binding on the consumer (Poole, 2008, 282). This means that the regulations will only be binding in the context of ‘consumer contracts’, but is not restrained by exemption clause but extends to unfair terms. A popular misconception is that UCTA applies to all exemption clauses, this is not the case. UCTA only applies to business liability, the liability covers breaches of obligations or duties arising from 1) things done or to be done by a person in the course of a business, or 2) from the occupation of premises used for the business purposes of the occupier (s.1(3) UCTA) (Koffman and Macdonald, 2007, 211).

Short Answer (strategic planning) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short Answer (strategic planning) - Coursework Example It further provides a practical guide for setting goals and making decisions. During stressful times, a vision helps groups to maintain focus and stick together. A strategy is a plan of action that an organisation chooses to give it direction and scope in order for it to attain its vision or goals. Strategies deal with strategic issues by focusing on the need to come up with a new set of rules or revise an existing one; create a process that will develop a mission, vision, and goals and achieve them; produce services, products, projects and programs to be followed; offer controls for the current strategy delivery and develop future capabilities while working on relations with stakeholders. Main purpose of strategy formulation is to develop strategies that will successfully connect an organisation to its environment and help it offer solutions to the public. Secondly, to offer a plan that an organisation will follow in response to strategic issues and help it reach its vision. Planning is the process of identifying and defining an organisation’s purpose, pursuit and methods of achieving them. Implementation is putting into action and following the identified strategies so as to realize the goals and objective. This leads an entity achieve a competitive advantage and better performance. If an organisation does not allocate enough resources to execute its strategy successfully, the strategy is bound to fail irrespective of how delightful it is. These resources include time and people. Secondly, a strategy may fail because the conditions that were to be exploited change before the strategy is effective. Ignoring reality and assuming that no changes are occurring in your business environment. A third reason is an overload of information from too many policies and strategies intended to solve a specific problem. Human resources tend to run away from this information overload since it

Australia Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Australia - Movie Review Example It also shows the conflict between the aboriginals and the Europeans. So the movie has been acted in the right country so as to portray the Australians character. In the movie Australia, the cultural landscape portrays very old houses, which have been traditionally built. Most of the houses been build using mud, and this makes the movie look like a traditional movie which was shot long time ago. There is the existence of ranches, which keep large head of cattle implying that the movie must have been shot to represent how the Australians lived a long time ago. The movie takes place in the Australia this is because of the physical appearance of the landscape. Australia is a country, which is known to having a very rugged landscape which is very mountainous. The tribunal Aborigine is a traditional culture which is used in the movie and was highly associated with the country of Australia. This serves as evidence that the movie was shot in the country of Australia. The movie also shows Nullah as an aboriginal child of a mixed race. Other products such as Scarlett and Rhett were also other products which were associated with the same country. The movie wants to show how the Australians lived long before. It also shows the lifestyle that they were living in which includes inheriting of property because the cows Maitland has were gained through inheritance. The beginning of the second world is also reflected in the movie. The culture is unfolded using artifacts, sociafacts and mentifacts. Some of the artifacts used are traditionally built houses, station sheds, white painted rocks tennis court and white painted rocks. This shows that the people of Australia relied mostly on traditionally built houses. There is a safe place set for the mission children, traditional dances; there is a school and highly ranked leaders this acts as a sociofacts in the movie. It shows that there were most protected missions

Early childhood classroom or early learning centre education essay

Early childhood classroom or early learning centre education essay The qualities of an effective communicator in the early learning centre are establishing and maintaining meaningful and respectful relationships with Educators, families and children. As an Educator, communicating effectively demonstrates interest, trust, commitment and professionalism. Educators communicate through a variety of different ways. Communicating effectively can be through forms of writing, speech, verbal, non-verbal and body language. Communication is the key to success and importantly what brings the world together. An effective communicator is an effective listener. The quality of an effective communicator in the early learning centre provides families and parents important and relevant information and the willingness to discuss positive aspects of the child. Communicating effectively demonstrates a high level of quality and reassurance for both parents and the educator. Important information that is discussed and carried out within the early learning centre is the childs progression (daily information). This information that is relevantly discussed is the childs routine, meal times, sleep times, the childs developmental areas which are social skills, communication skills, fine and gross motor skills, emotional and cognitive skills and the childs well-being. Informative discussions that are held between educators and families are based on the childs interests and motives. This information is beneficial for the parents and demonstrates how an educator shows initiative and companionship towards children and their education that the educator brings into the childs environment. Families also are benefiting and gaining this information which allows them an understanding and good results of how their child is progressing in the centre. This includes what the child may need to focus on and the positive side of the child. As children are all individuals, educators are to include children with special needs to experience literature, language skills and all areas of development skills. Children with special needs have special aids that teach children communication skills and different ways of communication which involves mostly how to understand communication which is non-verbal. Within the daily program that is carried out in an early learning centre, educators are to also include diversity. Including language through diversity promotes children the ability to learn different languages, culture and most importantly how to speak different languages. As an Educator, communicating effectively to children develops their social, emotion al, physical and intellectual skills. While communicating to children it broadens their understanding on reading and literacy. These main two qualities of development help children to improve on their pronunciation skills and their language skills. As children are developing such an important skill in their life, they are developing self-confidence within themselves. As an educator, demonstrating effective communication skills enhances childrens awareness of how to talk, read and write. Children learn by hearing words, therefore when educators are communicating to children within the learning centre, children are capable of matching the words together and making meaning of what is being heard. As quoted, Reading aloud with children is known to be the single most important activity for building the knowledge and skills they will eventually require for learning to read. Marilyn Jager Adams. In a learning child care centre environment, communicating effectively allows children to respond in many different ways. Qualities of a child communicating are using verbal, non-verbal communication, visually communicating to sounds or objects and importantly having a trusting relationship with an educator that confines security, comfort and an understanding. Early educators communicate effectively with children by involving language into play and encouraging children to develop this skill. While allowing children to communicate through play, children develop increasing elaborative sentences based on their thoughts, ideas and creativeness. Educators encourage children to communicate through play by expanding on their sentences and encouraging them to further speak and build on their self-confidence. Educators are then able to develop the knowledge and observe the child based on the childs interests, motives, and what the childs strengths are. Through this, children grow emotionally and socially as individuals. Children explore in their leaning centre environment, they develop through pretend play, art and craft activities, shared play experiences and most importantly group time. Group time activities provide a wide range of areas where children are continually developing on their language skills. Activities that are carried out in a learning centre can range from Flash cards, reading books, singing songs, and show and tell. While children are reading books, it builds on their future academic skills and vocabulary skills. Reading develops childrens listening skills that are a most important factor of a childs life. Effective communicators teach children to develop on their language skills through singing and music. Whilst children sing songs, they develop on their memory skills and anticipate the lyrics or the next words to the song. Singing songs also demonstrates children to communicate verbally and non-verbally. Children develop with music by using hand gest ures and actions. Within the early learning centre, as an educator it is important to communicate effectively towards members of the workplace. This carries out a high quality of professionalism and positive leadership. While communicating effectively, it is the audience which include families, parents, co-workers and management to develop. Developing as a team defines a happy and safe environment for all partys within the early learning centre. Communicating effectively in the workplace develops positive feedback when communicating with families and between staff members. This forms trusting relationships also between children, their families and the relationships that are developed with workers. With an early learning centre, this provides a high quality standard for the organisation. As educators or any organisation, it is important and an exception to follow correct policy and procedure standards of communicating in a professional way. This promotes a safe environment for children, families and co -workers. As professionals, in an early learning centre workplace, educators need to be mindful of how to communicate to avoid conflict. Conflict can be avoided and mostly resolved by the way communication is involved. Techniques and ways to reduce conflict is directly confronting the person in an effective way with any issues or matters that are affecting the person.Communicating in a reasonable and conducting matter can resolve conflict and on a positive note, can reflect a friendly and professional environment for all workers. There are many forms of communication techniques that are carried out in the workplace apart from direct verbal and non verbal communication. As educators, it is important to have good effective communication skills via telephone. Educators are to always conduct themselves in a professional way that brings families together and enables good conversations with the families or any person associated within the organisation. Communication skills via telephone a re important within an early learning centre. Educators on a daily basis are communicating with families, departments of education, other centres and managers of the organisation. Techniques that are undertaken in a professional way when communicating over the telephone is listening to the person, note-taking any important and relevant information, greeting the personnel in a pleasant and warm matter, communicating clearly between each other, introducing yourself and the position you hold, and most importantly detailing any contact numbers, the name of the person, and the main subject regarding the telephone conversation. As an educator, it is then important to action the conversation by communicating this to a director or a second in charge worker. This is handing over the information correctly, clearly and in a way that is understandable for the other person. Direct communication is beneficial as it passes the information to the other person clearly and in a quick manner. This dis plays effective communication skills and good initiative. Communication is conducted on a daily basis and is the key that holds a divine workplace. Communication that is carried out in the workplace can be with people from different cultures. As Australia is an indigenous supporting country, employees of the workplace are to conduct a respectful, culturally environment. It is important as members of the workplace to respect families, childrens and workers from different backgrounds. Communicating with families, children and workers from diverse backgrounds, needs to be promoted in a professional and mindful matter. As people within the community are multicultural, this is a great way to support childrens education through different cultures and language. Educators have the ability and determination to teach children aspects of diversity, language barriers, cultural music and cultural background. It is a good way to bring various multicultural backgrounds into the early learning cent re. In conclusion, the ability and quality of an educator to demonstrate effective communication skills can manage problems, challenges, questions, and most importantly language. Educators in the early child care centre having the ability and power to express their thoughts, to be articulate and demonstrate creative ideas. These qualities encourage children to communicate effectively. As an educator, qualities of an effective communicator facilitate excellent care for the children, their education and their families. Educators communicate in ways that advance childrens education and build relationships with families and co-workers. Through positive teaching skills, children do develop effective communication skills and the power to learn how to communicate in their learning environment. Reference: Marilyn Jager Adams. Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction (2000) http://www.readingrockets.org/books/fun/quotable.

Effects of Memory and Learning

Can we really learn from our mistakes? If so, how does that actually happen? Knowledge and education has helped create connections with everything that we see in society. We call these connections that have formed our memories, both good and bad. Psychologists have researched and gathered information on the creation or formation of memories and learned behaviors. Furthermore, psychologists have provided ample information on how memories can affect the education of students or people looking to learn something new.Therefore, it is through the increase attention to the ways the mind is able to obtain memories and information that can essentially help us decrease our mistakes. Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin developed a three-step model that details on how the brain is able to process and develop memories. All memories are created through the fleeting sensory memory before it is encoded into a short-term memory so that it can be continually rehearsed before it is translated into a long-term memory (Meyers, 2011).Basically Atkinson and Shiffrin’s theory is based on the idea that the mind can only retain information that is consciously received; however the modified version offered by Meyers (2011) presents a much different idea. According to Meyers the mind still translates incoming information into a sensory memory (Meyers 2011). The second step to this modified version still claims the encoding of the sensory memory into a working memory. This working memory concentrates on the encoding and active processing of current immediate stimuli (Meyers, 2011).Over time the information is rehearsed and turned into a long-term memory. The great thing about the working memory concept is that it associates new and old information and solves problems so that we are able to handle all situations that we engage in. So what factors and behaviors increase memory retention? To begin most information is encountered and retained through the act of rehearsing, or conscio us repetition (Meyers, 2011).Techniques and habits that have been proven to be successful through research has shown that prolonged exposure to the spacing effect, self-assessment, and serial position effect increases the individual’s ability to retain information much better than a person cramming last minute (Meyers, 2011). By providing a proper methodical and organized way to engage in new information a person gives the mind enough time to recall the information consistently for several years. Aside from rehearsing our mids are able to respond to encoding through multiple ways.Practicing the ability to form mental pictures, or imagery, helps build the minds ability to associate pictures and words (Meyers, 2011). A foundational element used from the beginning of time. Young children usually point to items in a home or outside and name the item they see according to what the teachers or parents say. Imagery is used by mnemonic devices in order to develop the retention and re call of memorized information via passages or speeches used by some of the best public platform speakers (Meyers, 2011).Through the use of imagery and mnemonic devices our minds are able to form a meaning to what we are trying to convey and ultimately we are able to organize and catalogue what we have learned within our memory. Understanding what factors and behaviors gives into the creation of our memory we as people and students are able to understand how teachers and psychologists are able to train our minds for further retention and absorption of information. Often at times failure seems to be the very thing that we learn from. It is from our parents and grandparents that we have heard the old trite adage â€Å"We learn from experience. It wasn’t until psychologists and educators came together to propose the testing effect. The â€Å"test effect† is essentially a well-established psychological phenomenon that proves that testing students on previously absorbed inf ormation allows for them to increase their retention of material opposed to the continual studying of materials (Roedlger III & Finn, 2010). Henry Roedlger III and Bridgid Finn quote several studies from several psychologists in which state, â€Å"students who make an unsuccessful attempt to answer a test question before receiving the correct answers remember the material better than if they simply study the information. (Roedlger III & Finn, 2010) This â€Å"testing effect† logic help students retain information in the pretesting stage by making them mentally engage in the attempt to answer the question by increasing the memorization of the information provided. Furthermore, the challenges presented to the students increase their focus, reduce their fear and engage their minds on a deeper level so that retention is at a maximum. Teachers, psychologists, and other professionals have all tried their best to figure out the best methods for learning and retention. By far the be st ould be known by the acronym SQ3R, also known as Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review, is the five step plan that is known to increase the learning and retention for all in a controlled manner opposed to short term cramming session. With this method one can easily correct previous damaging studying habits with ones that are positive and more beneficial. By surveying the current study material by scanning headings and make note of how the chapter is organized can organize the way the mind is able to map out the best way to handle the new incoming information (Meyers, 2011).After surveying the information the student must form their own questions to answer based on the heading or preview question this can be as simple as, â€Å"How can I most effectively and efficiently master the information in this book? † (Meyers, 2011) By using a slow and methodical approach to the reading the chapter the student will find the answer to their question and maximize the retention of in formation. Engaging in active reading means that the student must also take notes and ask additional questions that will help with the learning process (Meyers, 2011).Each step that the student takes increases his or her information flow after the active reading has taken place it is best that the person rehearses the information that they have learned in order to engage the memory (Meyers, 2011). Anything that causes an issue during the rehearsal of information the person must review the information so that they are able to recall at a later time (Meyers, 2011). The final step in the plan is the review all information read and gathered during the first four steps, paying particular attention to the way the chapter is organized (Meyers, 2011).The SQ3R method is particularly adaptable and useful in the pretesting stage. According to research done by Henry L Roedlger III and Bridgid Finn (2010) in the article The Pulses of Getting it Wrong states that students who memorized questions from the test but failed to get the correct answer had a higher chance of passing the same question on the real test. So to increase material retention the student can easily focus on the questions given on the pretest as their guide to the information needed.Once the questions are in hand the student can locate the chapter, read the information, and return to the question and recall the proper information (Roedlger III & Finn, 2010). It is suggested that the student should return to the question every few days in order to drum up a recall on the answers, by doing so the student will have learned the material in a methodical and slow manner (Roedlger III & Finn, 2010). By practicing a simplified adaptable version of SQ3R the student or person will be able to recall the same information long after the course has ended.Our ability to increase the retention of new materials via SQ3R, testing effect or the varied ways that we naturally gather information infinitely increases our ability to formulate new memories. Educators and psychologists have devised new ways that help students increase their learning potentials both in and out of the classrooms. By setting a firm and steady memory creating foundation, the newly acquired learning retention potentials extends throughout the person’s life.Thus by increasing focus, research and installation of modified or new techniques by psychologists prove that we are able to learn from our mistakes or mistakes of others by creating memories that become a point of reference. All point of references, or memories, that we personally return to in time of inflection or reflection in order to gain information or advice as to why we should learn from the mistakes that we have made. References Finn, H. R. (2010, March/April). The Pluses of Getting it Wrong. Scientific American Mind, pp. 38-41. Meyers, D. (2011). Exploring Psychology. Holland: Worth Publishers.

Hispanic and Latino Americans Essay

The poem â€Å"Legal Alien† by Pat Mora is in the open poem form, it has no stanzas. It does have a few words that rhyme which are â€Å"English† (5) and â€Å"Spanish† (6) and also with â€Å"Mexicans† (14) and then with â€Å"Americans† (15). The poem also has rhythm, it is a low steady beat. It is a straightforward poem about how life is for a person with the same race/ethnicity as others and at the same time, different from others. The poem â€Å"Legal Alien† is about a woman of Mexican parents, who is born and raised in America. An American citizen established by law, but at the same time this person feels like an illegal alien because of how some people treat her. She is fluent in both, English and in Spanish. Feels American because she is, but at the same time she doesn’t. She is looked at by Americans (Anglos) as inferior, and looked at by Mexicans like she doesn’t belong. They make her feel like she is not one of them, like she doesn’t fit anywhere. â€Å"An American to Mexicans a Mexican to Americans a handy token sliding back and forth between the fringes of both worlds† (14-18). – What this means is that she feels like she could be from both places and at the same time from neither, but on the border of each. Happy, sad, confused, lost but at the same time she tries to cover all her feelings and what she is thinking â€Å"by masking the discomfort† (20) is that she has to grin and bear the fact that she is being condemned for having two nationalities. After reading this poem over and over I can say that I have felt what the speaker mentions in the poem, I have been in her shoes. Yes it’s hard to believe but if you think about it we are all different and at the same time we are all the same. For some people it is hard to accept people of different nationality, but the only thing we can do is to move on. I am Mexican American, also bilingual, with two different cultures, born in America with Mexican parents. I think this poem â€Å"Legal Alien† is a little about racism which is everywhere and it has been around for a long time. I have felt looks from Mexicans and Americans, and to be honest it doesn’t feel that good. But I think that the only thing we can do is to just let it go and live life at the fullest and accept everyone as they are. Race, color, religion, or even language should not matter. In the end, and underneath of it all, we are all the same.

Free Essays on Geometry

Elizabethan Views Of Richard III By: Johnny Appleseeded Gazzukalhinney Douglas Starliper 4/18/00 LT. Kullman My Essay on Whether What Richard III did was Right, or Wrong King Richard III, in my opinion, was a greedy, yet determined man who would do whatever it took to achieve the position of king of England. What he did to get to this position was wrong, however, how he went about achieving what he wanted shows that he had intelligence. Having to kill a family member to get to where he wanted to be, did not even stop him. I believe that him doing this was very dishonorable. Even the book, Shakespeare and the Renaissance Code of Honor says â€Å"dishonor is worse than death.† In this same book I found a piece of information saying â€Å"If the renaissance aristocracy loved and pursued honor intensely, and with it’s whole being. It follows logically that dishonor was the one thing in life which could not be tolerated.† Another quote from the same book on honor says â€Å"Since honor was so highly esteemed not only to one’s own life, but also the lives of those close and dear to oneself, might be sacrificed in order to maintain one’s reputation†, which is almost exactly what Richard did. As stated above, in my opinion, I think that what Richard III did to achieve his position was wrong, but he does have a massive amount of intelligence to be able to pull off his master plan. His goal is to become the King of England, and he would go to any means necessary to get this. Although what he did proved to be morally in correct, the also proved to be intelligent ideas. For example, he sees a path he can take that will lead him right to the thrown, but his brother, Clarence, is next in line to inherit it. What Richard does to prevent this from happening is he has his own brother murdered. That, in my views, is one of the most dishonorable things he does in the play. Yet he executes this plan very wisely. The reason behind this being tha... Free Essays on Geometry Free Essays on Geometry Differences in Geometry†¦ Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals with the properties of space. Geometry is classified between two separate branches, Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometry. Being based off different postulates, theorems, and proofs, Euclidean Geometry deals mostly with two-dimensional figures, while Demonstrative, Analytic, Descriptive, Conic, Spherical, Hyperbolic, are Non-Euclidean, dealing with figures containing more than two-dimensions. The main difference between Euclidean, and Non-Euclidean Geometry is the assumption of how many lines are parallel to another. In Euclidean Geometry it is stated that there is one unique parallel line to a point not on that line. Euclidean Geometry has been around for over thousands of years, and is studied the most in high school as well as college courses. In it’s simplest form, Euclidean geometry, is concerned with problems such as determining the areas and diameters of two-dimensional figures and the surfac e areas and volumes of solids. Euclidean Geometry is based off of the parallel postulate, Postulate V in Euclid’s elements, which states that, â€Å"If a straight line meets two other straight lines so as to make the two interior angles on one side of it together less than two right angles, the other straight lines, if extended indefinitely, will meet on that side on which the angles are less than two right angles.† For centuries, mathematicians tried to contradict Euclid’s Postulate V, and determine that there was more than one line parallel to that of another. It was declared impossible until the 19th century when Non-Euclidean Geometry was developed. Non-Euclidean geometry was classified as any geometry that differed from the standards of Euclidean geometry. One of the most useful Non-Euclidean Geometry is the Spherical Geometry, which describes the surface of the sphere. Spherical Geometry is also the most commonly used Non-Euclidean geometry, being used by as... Free Essays on Geometry Elizabethan Views Of Richard III By: Johnny Appleseeded Gazzukalhinney Douglas Starliper 4/18/00 LT. Kullman My Essay on Whether What Richard III did was Right, or Wrong King Richard III, in my opinion, was a greedy, yet determined man who would do whatever it took to achieve the position of king of England. What he did to get to this position was wrong, however, how he went about achieving what he wanted shows that he had intelligence. Having to kill a family member to get to where he wanted to be, did not even stop him. I believe that him doing this was very dishonorable. Even the book, Shakespeare and the Renaissance Code of Honor says â€Å"dishonor is worse than death.† In this same book I found a piece of information saying â€Å"If the renaissance aristocracy loved and pursued honor intensely, and with it’s whole being. It follows logically that dishonor was the one thing in life which could not be tolerated.† Another quote from the same book on honor says â€Å"Since honor was so highly esteemed not only to one’s own life, but also the lives of those close and dear to oneself, might be sacrificed in order to maintain one’s reputation†, which is almost exactly what Richard did. As stated above, in my opinion, I think that what Richard III did to achieve his position was wrong, but he does have a massive amount of intelligence to be able to pull off his master plan. His goal is to become the King of England, and he would go to any means necessary to get this. Although what he did proved to be morally in correct, the also proved to be intelligent ideas. For example, he sees a path he can take that will lead him right to the thrown, but his brother, Clarence, is next in line to inherit it. What Richard does to prevent this from happening is he has his own brother murdered. That, in my views, is one of the most dishonorable things he does in the play. Yet he executes this plan very wisely. The reason behind this being tha...

HIV A Cure essays

AIDS/HIV A Cure essays I did a research paper on AIDS/HIV to find more information about the topic and how a family copes with a love one with the virus. In my paper I will address the AIDS virus and the cause and effect of the disease. Then I will discuss how it affects the world. In conclusion add that if this disease isnt prevented in the future what will happen to our society. AIDS is short term for: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is a very serious condition in which most of the bodys defenses are broken down and can cause serious illnesses. People with AIDS develop many different kinds of diseases, which the body would usually fight off quite easily. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), which the first stages of AIDS, can be passed on though the sexual fluids of sexual intercourse and blood of infected people. If infected blood or sexual fluid gets into the blood system, then you will become infected. If a man with HIV has vaginal intercourse without a condom, infected fluid could pass into the woman ¹s blood stream through a tiny cut or sore inside her body. If a couple has anal intercourse the risk of infection is far greater. HIV can also be passed on by the sharing of equipment used to inject drugs. Blood can remain on needles and syringes but if you share, a person infected with HIV needle, the virus can be injected directly into the blood system. AIDS is not just something that other people need to worry about like, gays, drug users, and people who get laid every night. These ideas are mistaken. All people need to take the threat of HIV seriously. The most effective way of fighting this deadly virus is to be cautions and educated about the disease and avoid activities that may put you at risk. During the past decade, more than 400,000 individuals in the United States have been diagnosed with AIDS. Since then United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that the n...

Political Significance of the News Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Political Significance of the News Media - Essay Example The central point in our paper will try to close upon the actual significance of news media in registering and reflecting the socio-political transitions against a global mirror. By comparing and contrasting the viewpoints of the libertarian socialist Noam Chomsky, who concentrates on the aspect of totalitarianism practised by the radio stations, television, newspapers and cables in the name of global voice and that of the Glasgow Media Group, which adapts a somewhat open approach to critically define the nature of media coverage by the developed part of the world. There is an astonishing disparity between the news and the story featured by most of the popular media groups for public presentation, thereby manipulating the political discourse in an unprecedented manner. Keeping this in mind, we will take the discussion ahead with the similar and contrasting views on News Media of Noam Chomsky and the Glasgow Media Group. Noam Chomsky has been one of the leading authorities on linguistics, political thought and philosophy of the 20th century. Always known for his unique thoughts, Chomsky has written a great deal about the role of mass media in a democratic state. Asserting that the world of the News Media was dominated by the rich and the wealthy, Chomsky highlighted the narrowness of perspective of this medium (Stark, 1998). In discussing about the media, Chomsky further pointed out that newspapers which reached the masses at large, have witnessed a dwindling of their significance with the sudden surge of the television. With televised news and advertisements being controlled by the wealthy corporate, newspapers have become costlier to the regular reader. Chomsky raised his voice against this very 'corporatisation' of the media. Instead of serving as a strong vehicle of providing real news, the media has almost become a money making machine. Depriving the common man of stirring social and political problems and belittling other important issues, (Scannell, et al, 279), the media has simply become a marketing tool, catering to the needs of the so-called buyers and sellers. Press conferences have attained an unprecedented significance, supplying news continuously, in turn publicizing the role of the government and other business groups. Talking about world politics, Chomsky mentioned that the media championed the U.S government policies, underlining the benevolence of the country. Moving away from these sycophantic assumptions, Chomsky described the role of the News media in analyzing US foreign policy. The news media was strongly influenced by government policy making (Institute of Communication Studies, 2001). In Chomsky's words, the U.S. foreign policy was marked by unique patterns. Adding on to the four freedoms, which Roosevelt propagated during the World War II, of speech, worship, want and freedom from fear, Chomsky spoke of a fifth freedom in U.S. foreign policy. He called this freedom, the right to rob and exploit. Chomsky and co-author Hermann affirmed that the U.S. encroached upon the human rights of a few dependant economies,

Privacy and technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Privacy and technology - Essay Example According to If Looks could kill by The Economist and Trading Liberty for Illusions by Wendy Kaminer, the world today tends to prefer the inconsequential over the important aspects in their lives. For instance, people now judge based on race after the 9/11 attacks, airport security has become increasingly intrusive, and technological advances have eroded whatever little privacy people had left. Both Wendy Kaminer in Trading Liberty for Illusions and The Economist in If Looks Could Kill refer to terrorism as one of the main reasons why the privacy of ordinary American citizens is being invaded. The main reason for Kaminer’s article is to opine that the government hides behind the threat of terrorism to excuse their infringement on their citizen’s rights. She uses the rhetorical technique of pathos to appeal to the readers’ emotions. She starts her article by saying, â€Å"Only a fool with no sense of history would have been sanguine about the prospects for civil liberties after the September 11 attack† (Kaminer, 2004). This ensures the reader knows she is against the invasion of privacy on the pretext of terror threats. She contends that the Bush Administration held over a thousand non-native Americans after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, although most of them were not connected to the events of the day (Kaminer, 2004). Kaminer concludes that the fear of the government and subsequent attacks make citizens give their liberty up because they have been fed on security illusions. On the other hand, The Economist’s main reason for writing their article is to opine that the threat of terrorism and crime has pushed technology to higher heights. They use the rhetorical device of logos to contend that technology talking about the ability of new technology to use micro-expressions rather than the old profiling technique. This technology will remove the risk of racial profiling by the police because all it detects are expressions made by an individual, rather than the color of their skin (The Economist, 2008). In addition, The Economist also contends that the technology will be important in cases where packages are left by suspicious individuals and will alert security officials on the potential danger. The Economist talks about other technologies aimed at anti-terrorism that measures breathing and heart rate, perspiration rates, temperature of one’s skin, and the flow of blood, doing all this while the potential suspect is some meters away from them. They say that this machine was tested, and it identified 80% of individuals attempting to sneak weapons into a room (The Economist, 2008). It is clear that The Economist and Wendy Kaminer have very different ideas on the use of technology to combat terrorism. While Kaminer contends that the current technology fails and infringes on the privacy of ordinary citizens, The Economist is of the idea that new technologies in the pipeline will be more reliable and will not be culpable to racial profiling. The two articles discuss the issue of technology and privacy but organize their arguments in different ways. Wendy Kaminer in Trading Liberty for Illusion begins her article by contending that terrorist attacks and crime have always led Americans to allow the government to trample civil liberties when there is an attack because they feel under siege or frightened (Kaminer, 2004). She gives a brief history of US Presidents who

Discuss the portrait of al-Hajjaj Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discuss the portrait of al-Hajjaj - Essay Example Although al-Hajjaj is commonly considered a villain notorious for his relentless brutality, the portrait we obtain from the primary texts is not that simple and transparent, instead, the texts create a complicated image of the province governor illustrated in various situations. Thereby, ambiguities in portrayal can be explained by certain bias in attitude of the texts’ authors towards the governor. Many scholars assert that the commander was an extremely brutal and cruel governor, who caused numerous deaths and imprisonments in the course of his life. This assumption finds its confirmation in the texts, where we see that the commander is believed to be liable for a â€Å"hundred and twenty thousand† executions (Schroeder, p. 229). Many other situations described in the text provide evidence of al-Hajjaj’s bad temper and brutality: after defeating Ibn Zubayr in Mecca, al-Hajjaj is told to have killed and gibbeted him in the street. In a similar way, while coming to Kufa, he immediately executed the old man, who sprang on the corpse of Othman. Furthermore, we see numerous mentions of Hajjaj’s nasty character in the narratives, for instance, that of Ubayd son of Abu Mukhariq, who calls the commander â€Å"a fearsome master† (Schroeder, p.220). However, despite nasty character and brutality, which became his most famous feature, the commander seems to p ossess reason and a pinch of mercy in his nature, as it can be traced in the sources. For instance, as Hajjaj is in need of wise advise concerning the inheritance, he eventually rules according to the fairest of options: he is told to have given â€Å"each heir an equal third† of the inheritance. This fragment was told by al-Sha’bi, whose figure is rather controversial in terms of his relation to the Umayyads. Sha’bi probably supported the rebellion in Kufa, then fled to Khurasan and later returned to the Umayyad court willing to serve in the administration. Here,

Intelligence Definition Essay Example for Free

Intelligence Definition Essay Evaluate Spearman’s contribution to our understanding of Intelligence. Plan: * Introduction – definition of intelligence, and say what I am going to be talking about * Paragraph one /two– outline Spearman’s theory * Paragraph three/four – evaluate how organisations use Spearman’s theory * Paragraph five – evaluate strengths and weaknesses compared to Gardners theory * Conclusion – relate back to the question Essay Intelligence can be defined as â€Å"the capability of individuals to process information to behave effectively within the environment they are in and learn from previous experiences. † (Arnold 2010). Spearman in the 1900s came up with the General Intelligence Theory. Within this essay I am going to evaluate Spearman’s theory of general intelligence by looking at the strengths and weaknesses of the theory. Firstly, looking at how Spearman’s theory can be applied to organisations, then comparing it with Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences. Spearman (1900’s) developed the theory of general intelligence. Spearman’s research followed that of Binet, who was commissioned by the school system in France to develop a way to differentiate those students who were uneducable, or severely mentally handicapped, from other students. Binet developed an intelligence test to do so. This test consisted of items (questions) that required complex processes of the mnd and examined the comprehensive individual. The success of Binet’s test led to a much greater question: what exactly are these tests measuring? The claim was that they were measuring intelligence. This led to debates about what intelligence was. In endeavouring to answer this question, Spearman observed that schoolchildren’s grades across seemingly unrelated subjects were positively correlated. He then administered different types of test to many people. A statistical analysis of the results showed that there was a positive correlation between the tests for any given individual. In other words, if an individual performed well on a test of verbal abilities, then that same person also performed well on another test of a different cognitive ability, such as numerical reasoning. Spearman named this positive correlation ‘g’, that is ‘general intelligence’. He argued that ‘g’ was identified by using a large battery (number) of tests, that is ‘g’ was not measured perfectly by any single test. His work led to others trying to create tests that would assess this general underlying ability. Spearman was the first researcher to use factor analysis (a statistical test that he developed to identify underlying commonalities, or ‘factors’). His theory is sometimes called the Two Factor Theory as he concluded that intelligence consisted of two factors. The first of these he called the ‘g’ factor, that is general intelligence that influenced all round performance. The second of these he called the ‘s’ factor, for specific abilities, which he used to account for differences between scores on different tasks, including test-specific factors such as the impact of light, temperature, the time of day that the test was given. Spearman’s major contribution lies in his ideas about general intelligence, particularly the idea that general intelligence influences all round performance. Spearman’s ideas about general intelligence continue to influence the development of cognitive testing today. And it is in the area of testing that organisations most benefit from Spearman’s work. Specifically, the idea that there is one general intelligence influences much of the testing in selection processes within organisations. For example, many organisations use cognitive testing (verbal and numerical critical reasoning) at early stages in their selection process to filter out those candidates that do not perform at the level required. Following Spearman’s theory more thoroughly could suggest that organisations might be justified in basing their selection activities entirely on a measure of general intelligence. However, this would lack credibility, or face validity, for the candidates, and for many managers. Indeed, some would argue strongly that there are more particular skills that they want candidates to demonstrate that are more directly relevant to the particular job. A major weakness of Spearman’s general intelligence theory is that it can be misunderstood, leading for example to the idea that if an individual is good at one aspect of work they must be good at another aspect. For example, a computer programmer may be very good at their job, however when they are asked to write a report they may feel way out of their comfort zone and will perform badly. However, Spearman is not arguing about ability to perform a task. Rather, he is arguing that ‘general intelligence’ explains a person’s ability across a range of cognitive tests. At this point, there is value in contrasting Gardner’s (1980’s) theory of Multiple Intelligences, which could give us a better understanding of intelligence. Gardner disagreed with Spearman’s general intelligence theory (Mullins, 2010). Instead, he thought that there are many types of intelligence and if an individual excels in one topic, it doesn’t mean they excel at everything. Theses intelligences included: Musical, Numeracy, Literacy, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal and Linguistic. Gardner found, therefore, that individuals can be intelligent in different areas. It might be argued that the value for an organisation would be a test that identified the particular kind of intelligence that each individual has. In conclusion Spearman’s theory of general intelligence has had a significant influence on how selection testing is designed and carried out within organisations. The desire to predict performance before hiring a new employee favours the idea that there is one general intelligence that can be assessed by a battery of cognitive tests. However, new theories such as Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences theory (1980’s) and Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence, challenge such a perspective.